Summary Tenses English (Tugas Softkill)

SUMMARY TENSES ENGLISH
Dhiya Sekarini
3EB12/ 21216948


 Simple Present Tense : Used to indicate facts, habits, and general conditions that occur at this time.
FORMULA
( + ) S + V1 + O/C
( - ) S + do/does + not + V1 + O/C
( ? ) Do/does + S + V1 + O/C
EXAMPLE:
(+) I work hard for this company
(-) I do not work hard for this company
(?) do I work hard for this company?

2.    PRESENT CONTINUOUNS TENSE : Used to discuss ongoing actions. The most important of these tense is the duration of the verb.
FORMULA
( + ) S + to be + V1 + ing + O/C
( - ) S + to be + not + V1 + ing + O/C
( ? ) To be + V1 + ing + O/C
EXAMPLE:
(+) We are studuying English
(-) We are not studying english
(?) are we studying english?

3.  PRESENT PERFECT TENSE : Used to indicate an action or event has been completed and emphasize the results.
FORMULA
( + ) S + has/have + V3 + O/C
( - ) S + has/have + V3 + O/C
( ? ) Has/have+ S + V3 + O/C
EXAMPLE:
(+)  She has finished her homework
(-) she has not finishe her homework
(?) has she finished her homework?

4.     PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSES : Used to show actions that began in the past and continue to this day. Usually the action that uses this tense has a certain time duration and has relevance to the current condition.
FORMULA
( + ) S + has/have + been + V-ing
( - ) S + has/have + not + been + V-ing
( ? ) Has/have + S + been + V-ing
EXAMPLE:
(+) you have been work here since 2016
(-) you have not been working here since 2016
(?) have you been working here since 2016?

5.     SIMPLE PAST TENSE : Used to show an event in the past.
FORMULA
( + ) S + V2+ O/C
( - ) S + did + not + V2 + O/C
( ? ) Did + S + V2 + O/C
EXAMPLE:
(+)You were handsome
(-) you were not handsome
(?) were you handsome?
6.     PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE : Used to show an event that is happening in the past. Usually, there are 2 events that occurred in the past, and those interrupted events that use this tense
FORMULA
( + ) S + to be (was/were) + V-ing + O/C
( - ) S + to be (was/were) + not + V-ing + O/C
(?) Was/were + S + V-ing + O/C
EXAMPLE:
(+) i was studying english when he called
(-) i was not studying english when he called
(?) was i studying english when he called?

7.   PAST PERFECT TENSE : Used to show events that occur before a certain time in the past, and more emphasis on the results of the duration of the event. It is usually used to indicate which events occur first among 2 events that occurred in the past.
FORMULA
( + ) S + had + past participle (V3) + O/C
( - ) S + had + not + past participle (V3) + O/C
( ? ) Had + S + Past participle (V3) + O/C
EXAMPLE:
(+) i had finished my homework before i met up with my boyfriend yesterday
(-) i had not finished my homework before i met up with my boyfriend yesterday
(?) Had i finished my homework before i met up with my boyfriend yesterday?

8.    PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE : Used to show actions that occurred in the past and have been completed at certain times in the past too. This tense emphasizes the duration of the event. This tense is also used in Reported Speech.
FORMULA
( + ) S + had + been + V-ing + O/C
( - ) S + had + not + been + V-ing + O/C
( ? ) Had + S + been + V-ing + O/C
EXAMPLE:
(+) You had been crying for an hour
(-) You had not been crying for an hour
(?) Had you been crying for an hour?

9.      SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE : Used to indicate action or a situation in the future.
FORMULA
( + ) S + will/shall + V1 + O
( - ) S + will/shall + not + V1 + O
( ? ) Will/shall + S + V1 + O
EXAMPLE:
(+) I am going to work hard for this company
(-) I am not going to work hard for this company
(?) Am I going to work hard for this company?

10.  FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE : Used to indicate an action or situation that will occur at a certain time in the future.
FORMULA
( + ) S + will/shall + be +  V-ing+ O
( - ) S + will/shall + not + be +  V-ing + O
( ? ) Will/shall + S + be +  V-ing + O
EXAMPLE:
(+) I will be studying English
(-) I will not studying english
(?) will i be studying english?

11.  FUTURE PERFECT TENSE : Used to show actions that will end in the future.
FORMULA
( + ) S + will/shall + have +  V3+ O
( - ) S + will/shall + not + have +  V3 + O
( ? ) Will/shall + S + have +  V3 + O
EXAMPLE:
(+)  She will have finisher her homework
(-) She will not have finished her homework
(?) Will she have finished her homework?

12. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE : Used to show actions that will continue to occur in the future. This tense emphasizes results..
FORMULA
( + ) S + will/shall + have + been  +  V-ing+ O
( - ) S + will/shall + not +have + been +  V-ing + O
( ? ) Will/shall + S + have + been +  V-ing + O
EXAMPLE:
(+) In 2020, She will have been working her for 2 years
(-) In, 2020, she will not have been working her for 2 years
(?) In 2020, will she have been working here for 2 years?

13. PAST FUTURE TENSE : Used to show actions that will be carried out in the past but failed (failed plan).
FORMULA:
( + ) S + should/would + be + O
( - ) S + should/would + not + be + O
( ? ) Should/would + S + be + O
EXAMPLE:
(+) I would come to your party if you invited me
(-) I would not come to your party if you didn’t invite me
(?) would I come to your party if you invited me?

14. PAST FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE : Used to show an action that will be carried out in the past and will last until a certain time in the past. This tension emphasizes the duration of the action.
FORMULA
( + ) S + should/would + be + V-ing + O
( - ) S + should/would + not + be + V-ing + O
( ? ) Should/would + S + be + V-ing + O
EXAMPLE
(+) My sister would be finishing her project last week.
(-) My sister would not be finishing her project last week.
(?) would my sister be finishing her project last week?

15. PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE : Used to show an action that will have been done in the past but it was not done (a failed plan). This tense emphasizes results.
FORMULA
( + ) S + should/would + have +  V3+ O
( - ) S + should/would + not + have +  V3 + O
( ? ) Should/would + S + have +  V3 + O
EXAMPLE:
(+) Abdul would have worked in companies next week
(-) Abdul would not worked in companies next week.
(?) Would Abdul have worked in companies next week?

16. PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE : Used to show actions that will have been and are still being carried out in the past, but they really did not happen. This tense emphasizes the duration and results.
FORMULA
( + ) S + should/would + have + been + V-ing + O
( - ) S + should/would + not + have + been + V-ing + O
( ? ) Should/would + S + have + been + V-ing + O
EXAMPLE:
(+) Erik would have been talking Japanese for three years.
(-) Erik would not have been talking Japanese for three years.
(?) Would Erik have been talking Japanese for three years?